Categories
Cottage Life

The Nature Conservancy of Canada is poised to purchase and protect Batchawana Island

The Nature Conservancy of Canada is hoping to tap into the support of year-round residents and cottagers in Batchawana Bay to purchase and protect Lake Superior’s largest remaining privately-owned island. 

Mid-April, the land trust revealed an opportunity to acquire Batchawana Island for $7.2 million. The purchase will extinguish the threat of cottage lot and resort development, as well as logging on the twin-lobed, 2,076-ha island with 27 km of shoreline, and contribute to the NCC’s existing protected areas on Lake Superior. 

Local entrepreneur and long-time resident Frank O’Connor says the announcement is “such great news for the bay and all those who love this shore.” The view from O’Connor’s Voyageurs Lodge and Cookhouse, a popular waterfront attraction on the Trans-Canada Highway, is dominated by Batchawana Island’s sprawling form, which interrupts Lake Superior’s otherwise watery horizon. 

The purchase “preserves the area’s natural heritage,” adds O’Connor. “It leaves the island rugged and wild and respects the history of the Indigenous peoples who have lived and have burial sites there. So many reasons make this special place worthy of protection.”

Why Batchawana Island is worth saving

Besides being the focal point of Batchawana Bay, Batchawana Island supports an ancient maple forest that’s estimated to sequester 3,500 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year, the equivalent of almost 450 households’ emissions. The island is home to moose, black bears, gray wolves, and at least 36 species of provincially significant birds, including rusty blackbirds and bald eagles. Its sandy offshore waters support spawning lake sturgeon, an endangered species. But until now, the island was held by an American landowner and zoned to accommodate various forms of development. 

“This is our best and possibly last chance to see this incredible island protected for the future,” says Kaitlin Richardson, the NCC’s northern Ontario program director. “The impact of conserving Lake Superior’s largest privately-owned island cannot be understated. The communities of plants and animals that rely on Batchawana Island are unique and precious. I can’t wait for the day when we can say they get to stay that way forever.”

How to help save Batchawana Island

Richardson says the conservancy has already raised 80 percent of the funds needed. With the deal set to close in early May, the NCC is seeking major gifts and launching a campaign in the local community to complete the fundraising. She says a plan for bridge financing is in place to extend the window for funding through the summer if the target isn’t reached by May 9.

The campaign will no doubt receive plenty of support from Batchawana Bay’s community of cottagers, who cherish island views, visit its sheltered coves by boat and kayak and have long worried about its future. “I am happy to know that Batchawana Island will remain wild,” says Tammy Story, a local cottager. “I have kayaked most of its diverse shoreline many times. There are some spots that are truly magical. It is a jewel that future generations will thank us for preserving.”

Categories
Cottage Life

The definitive ranking of the Great Lakes (according to Donovan Woods)

Every April, Canadian singer-songwriter Donovan Woods releases a ranking of the Great Lakes on Twitter, as he has for the last several years.

Needless to say, when the rankings are released, people have thoughts. Cottagers and non-cottagers alike stumble over actually-no-you’re-wrongs faster than their fingers can fly across the keyboard. It could be because there isn’t much movement on the ranking from year to year (Lake Erie lovers, you’re in for a tough go), or that personal bias is so strong. I mean, who is this guy to rank the Great Lakes anyway?

 

Perhaps what adds to the mystique of this controversial list is that once it’s posted, Donovan is mum on the subject. You won’t find him defending his choices against replies desperately seeking explanation or fielding polite questions about his process. But that doesn’t mean he doesn’t have his reasons or that he hasn’t thoroughly thought his decision through. And while he won’t reply on Twitter, he would talk to us. We sat down with Donovan to find out why he ranks the lakes as he does and, more importantly, what does he have against Lake Erie?

**

Alysha Vandertogt (AV): So, tell me—how did you start doing this? What inspired you to start ranking the Great Lakes?

Donovan Woods (DW): Well, my parents’ front yard is on Lake Huron, I’m from Sarnia, Ont. I’m partial to all the lakes, but I did grow up on Lake Huron. I try to keep my own personal bias out of my ranking, although I do think Lake Huron is the best by a long shot. But I’ve just always loved the lakes, I love ’em! My friends and I have always loved them.

We like to argue about the rankings of things. You know, what are the top five dinosaurs or the most classic farm animals. They really are quite interesting arguments. The number one farm animal is obviously cow. But then there are people who want duck in there, people who want sheep in there. There’s really not a lot of room for that, all of these things can become contentious.

AV: I was going to ask you about whether or not your upbringing and Sarnia might have influenced the rankings.

DW: Listen, I’ve swam in all of the Great Lakes. I don’t have any real training in the field, but I feel like I’m as good as anybody to judge them.

I’ll tell you, the first time I posted a ranking, I was so surprised by how contentious it was. People were very, very angry.

AV: I was looking back at tweets from years previous, and you even had a tweet in there about how you didn’t expect to have to block people as a result of ranking the Great Lakes.

DW: Yeah, exactly!

AV: How did you feel when people got so fired up? People were in your replies, they’re quote tweeting you. People are taking this really seriously.

DW: To me, that’s the funniest part. You can become an authority on something just by saying you are. My favourite part is when the tweet reaches a certain level of popularity—and it has all three years—somebody eventually goes, ‘Who is this person, never heard of him.’ And when you start getting those tweets, that’s when you know it’s going good, things are heating up.

Everybody says, ‘How could Superior not be number one with the name,’ but I would hazard a guess that the name Superior has something more to do with how it’s the highest and the furthest west. But I try not to get into the weeds with people on that. Anybody who has been to Lake Superior knows it’s beautiful, of course, but it’s not very useful. It’s really cold all the time.

People’s opinions are interesting, but, at times, sad. It’s sad that people would think that Lake Erie deserves to be number one. Anybody who knows anything knows it’s not true.

Ontario has an argument, to a certain degree. If you’ve ever been to the Sandbanks beaches, it’s beautiful around there. And a lot of Canadians have a bias against Lake Michigan because it has an American-centric name, but Lake Michigan is just gorgeous. Very Lake Huron-like. Some people want to make the argument that they’re the same body of water technically, I don’t go in for that.

AV: I think when people think Lake Ontario they think of what Lake Ontario is right around Toronto or Hamilton.

DW: Justifiably. But that’s not fair to the lake, there’s a whole top area that’s much better than those areas.

I try not to argue too much. People have their passionate beliefs, but they are wrong. By and large, my ranking is correct. I would die on the hill for it.

AV: You’ve mentioned before that you don’t really like to explain why you’ve put certain lakes over others. Is there a particular reason for that, or you don’t necessarily want to get into it with people, given the amount of people that reply to the tweet.

DW: I don’t think it’s very constructive. I don’t feel any need to defend it because it’s just one person’s opinion. All year long, I’m thinking about the Great Lakes, their movement, what’s going on. Maybe something will happen eventually that would change the ranking, but I don’t know what it is. I just put the list up and that’s it, that’s my duty done.

AV: Earlier you talked about swimming conditions. What is it that you take into account that makes the ranking the way that it is?

DW: This is tricky. This is stuff that I don’t love to get into, but I do think it’s a general sense of the usefulness of the lake. Beauty is a really important part of the equation. In general, it’s an ineffable quality that is in the zeitgeist. This year, for example, Lake Michigan featured heavily in the show Station 11, where it has a sort of mythic quality. That almost put it into a more prominent position, but in the end it didn’t feel right. It still felt like it had to be Huron, Superior, Michigan.

AV: One of your tweets from a previous year said that Lake Erie was last, by a lot. Not that I’m a Lake Erie apologist, but what is it about Lake Erie that has it so firmly in last place?

DW: I’m not particularly fond of any of the cities on Lake Erie, I have found the swimming to be lacklustre, I’m not fond of that part of Ontario.

AV: Have your feelings about a particular lake changed since since you started doing the rankings?

DW: It’s possible that a decade ago, I would have felt the same way as people that think Lake Michigan should be lower. Michigan really came up for me in my 20s when I spent a lot of time there. I’m a lot more fond of Lake Ontario even now than three years ago when I first did the first ranking. But they’re all great—fourth out of five is still pretty good. It’s really going to be something if the ranking ever moves, I wonder if it will.

AV: Is there anything that could push one ahead of the other? I see that there was like a Lake Superior account that was tweeting at you about the ranking and saying that it wanted to make some moves.

DW: People say to me, ‘Oh, how could you ignore the Lake Superior tweet?’ That sounds like a person pretending to be a lake. I’m a grown man, using his own name, ranking the Great Lakes. A guy pretending to be a lake, does that sound like an authority to you? Nonsense.

AV: How do you feel about people who are trying to throw in completely off-the-board picks to be included in the ranking? They seem to take the “great” name very liberally. 

DW: There’s always someone who wants to tell you that Great Slave Lake or Great Bear Lake exists, we all know that. That’s not what we’re talking about though.

AV: It’s pretty definitive. People kind of have to accept that these ones are the Great Lakes, because they’re called that. As a society, we’ve acknowledged that these ones are the Great Lakes.

DW: I was writing a song the other day with a guy from the U.K., and I was telling him about the ranking. And I said, ‘You know of the Great Lakes, right?’ And he said, ‘Of course.’ This is a guy who grew up on the Isle of Wight in the U.K., and he knew immediately. So, these are important lakes, right? He’s never heard of Great Slave Lake, let’s put it that way.

**

Well, Lake Erie, better luck next year.

Categories
Cottage Life

Tiny cottages for a romantic getaway

Location: Lake Superior

Price: Averages $124 per night

Sleeps: 3

Bedrooms: 4

Notes:

  • Off-grid property
  • Waterfront property on Lake Superior
  • Outhouse
  • Outdoor fire pit
  • Pets welcome
  • Separate small A-frame cabin with double bed
  • Propane-heated shower (not operational November through April)

Click here to book


 

Location: Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ont.

Price: Averages $248 per night

Sleeps: 2

Bedrooms: 2

Notes:

  • Internet included
  • Laundry on site
  • Air conditioning
  • No pets allowed
  • Minimum age for renters is 30
  • Two blocks from downtown Niagara-on-the-Lake

Click here to book


 

Location: Welland, Ont.

Price: Averages $161 per night

Sleeps: 2

Bedrooms: 1

Notes:

  • Access to animal sanctuary
  • Includes pond with goldfish
  • No pets allowed
  • No children allowed
  • Outdoor fire bowl
  • 15 minutes from Niagara Falls

Click here to book


 

Location: Deer Lake Wilderness Retreat

Price: Averages $232 per night

Sleeps: 4

Bedrooms: 1

Notes:

  • Includes park pass to Mikisew Provincial Park (eight minutes away)
  • 10-acre property with walking trails
  • Outdoor fire pit
  • No running water
  • No indoor washroom (outhouse available)
  • Access to communal indoor shower
  • *Sundays between 25-50% off

Click here to book


 

Location: Welland, Ont.

Price: Averages $161 per night

Sleeps: 4

Bedrooms: 1

Notes:

  • Access to animal sanctuary with donkeys, potbelly pigs, and goats
  • Infrared sauna
  • Outdoor fire pit
  • Children must be a minimum of 14 years old
  • No pets allowed
  • 14 minutes from Niagara Falls
  • Strict cancellation policy

Click here to book


 

Categories
Cottage Life

Tiny cottages for a romantic getaway

Location: Lake Superior

Price: Averages $124 per night

Sleeps: 3

Bedrooms: 4

Notes:

  • Off-grid property
  • Waterfront property on Lake Superior
  • Outhouse
  • Outdoor fire pit
  • Pets welcome
  • Separate small A-frame cabin with double bed
  • Propane-heated shower (not operational November through April)

Click here to book


 

Location: Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ont.

Price: Averages $248 per night

Sleeps: 2

Bedrooms: 2

Notes:

  • Internet included
  • Laundry on site
  • Air conditioning
  • No pets allowed
  • Minimum age for renters is 30
  • Two blocks from downtown Niagara-on-the-Lake

Click here to book


 

Location: Welland, Ont.

Price: Averages $161 per night

Sleeps: 2

Bedrooms: 1

Notes:

  • Access to animal sanctuary
  • Includes pond with goldfish
  • No pets allowed
  • No children allowed
  • Outdoor fire bowl
  • 15 minutes from Niagara Falls

Click here to book


 

Location: Deer Lake Wilderness Retreat

Price: Averages $232 per night

Sleeps: 4

Bedrooms: 1

Notes:

  • Includes park pass to Mikisew Provincial Park (eight minutes away)
  • 10-acre property with walking trails
  • Outdoor fire pit
  • No running water
  • No indoor washroom (outhouse available)
  • Access to communal indoor shower
  • *Sundays between 25-50% off

Click here to book


 

Location: Welland, Ont.

Price: Averages $161 per night

Sleeps: 4

Bedrooms: 1

Notes:

  • Access to animal sanctuary with donkeys, potbelly pigs, and goats
  • Infrared sauna
  • Outdoor fire pit
  • Children must be a minimum of 14 years old
  • No pets allowed
  • 14 minutes from Niagara Falls
  • Strict cancellation policy

Click here to book


 

Categories
Cottage Life

How will the Great Lakes region be affected by climate change?

The Great Lakes are getting warmer, wetter, and wilder. These atypical conditions are amplifying other threats. Harmful algal blooms are increasing in severity and geographic extent, sewers are overflowing and stormwater is flooding neighbourhoods and parks. Many terrestrial organisms are shifting northwards and worsening air quality is disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable people living in cities.

The Great Lakes hold one-fifth the standing freshwater on the Earth’s surface and more than 34 million people live in the basin, supporting an economy worth US$5 trillion—if it were a country, it would be one of the largest economies in the world. And yet shoreline communities are faltering under the weight of billions of dollars in damages—and are worried that climate change will continue to make things even worse.

Like the Arctic’s thawing permafrost, the Great Lakes basin is a key sentinel of climate change. Climate change has already immensely affected the region and its impacts will continue to expand as the pace of climate change accelerates, bringing new socio-economic and environmental challenges.

With the UN climate conference in Glasgow (COP26) underway, world leaders are discussing what must be done to address the climate crisis and making pledges to take specific actions. Adaptation features heavily in the COP26 agenda, including the Glasgow Adaptation Imperative to assess action taken and action needed to meet the Paris Agreement goal on adaptation and promote a more climate resilient future for all, particularly the most vulnerable communities and ecosystems.

Climate change impacts

In the Great Lakes, climate change is considered a threat multiplier, meaning it exacerbates other threats to the ecosystem.

All the Great Lakes are warming, but Lake Superior stands out. Still the coldest lake, its summer surface water temperatures increased 2.5 C between 1979 and 2006, even faster than air temperatures. Even the deep waters of Lake Michigan are warming at a rate of 0.5 C per decade.

The Great Lakes have lost more than 70 per cent of their total winter ice cover over the past 50 years. That means more open water during winter, thinner ice and less of the ice fishing that is so popular with basin denizens. Less ice cover will, however, lengthen the commercial shipping season.

Ice fishing is popular among those living near the Great Lakes. But as air temperatures rise in the winter, the ice is thinner and is in place for a shorter time. (Photo by Marianne Danielsen/Shutterstock)

Overall, warming of the lakes will alter the seasonal patterns of warm and cold water layers and the dynamics of the lakes’ food webs, and it will lead to greater shoreline damage from strong winter storms.

In some areas within the Great Lakes basin, water levels have risen by two metres, eroding shorelines, washing away houses, destroying roads, threatening infrastructure such as water treatment plants and disrupting age-old traditions of Indigenous Peoples.

Climate change is one of the leading threats to birds in the Great Lakes and North America. The 2019 Audubon Report “Survival by Degrees” found that 64 per cent of bird species (389 of 604) across breeding and non-breeding seasons were moderately or highly vulnerable to climate change. As indicator species, birds are telling us the time to act is now.

In addition, climate change will likely alter the range and distribution of certain fish species, increase the frequency and severity of harmful algal blooms, exacerbate wetland loss, create new threats from invasive species, diminish beach health and, in some cases, displace or extirpate native species.

Urban impacts of climate change

The effects of climate change are heightened in urban areas and impose a high financial burden to municipalities. Detroit is a good example.

Detroit is an old city with combined storm and sanitary sewers that overflow stormwater and raw sewage during heavy rainfall events. It also has plenty of impervious surfaces that promote runoff.

Extreme rainfall events have flooded highways, streets and neighbourhoods. High water levels have frequently flooded Detroit’s Jefferson-Chalmers neighbourhood. In response, the city spent US$2 million in 2020 on “tiger dams,” large, temporary, water-filled berms, to keep the water from flooding houses.

On the 398-hectare Belle Isle State Park, high water levels closed roads, flooded picnic areas and postponed 60 weddings at the popular Boat House, a more than 100-year-old rowing facility, in 2019. They have also delayed a US$5-million habitat restoration project on Blue Heron Lagoon and forced the redesign of the one-hectare, US$4.2-million Oudolf Garden, designed by Piet Oudolf, an internationally renowned Dutch garden designer.

Detroit is also projected to experience a significant increase in the number of very hot days by the end of the century, reaching as many as 65 days above 32.2 C. The burden of heat and poor air quality accompanying the climate threat will disproportionately affect the city’s most vulnerable residents.

Adapting to climate change

Many municipalities, provinces and states around the Great Lakes have been developing adaptation plans to address local impacts of climate change at a high cost. This decentralized approach comes with its own problems, like unintended cross-border effects of local adaptation or duplication of efforts. The United Nations has shown that flood risk reduction strategies in one part of a basin may increase flood risks in another portion of the basin that is located in another country.

A small home along Lake Michigan’s shoreline toppled down a bluff in January 2020.

An integrated, basin-wide ecosystem approach could allow for cost-sharing of scientific studies and co-ordinated policy action at national and sub-national levels, leading to better adaptation. Because the Great Lakes are a shared resource among many governments, including those of Canada, the United States, eight states, two provinces and tribes, First Nations and the Métis Nation, transboundary co-operation is needed.

In 2017, the Great Lakes Water Quality Board of the International Joint Commission, an independent adviser to Canada and the United States, recommended that both countries negotiate and develop a co-ordinated strategy for climate change adaptation and ecological resilience. These recommendations reflect strong public opinion, yet almost five years later no comprehensive binational climate change strategy has been put into place.

The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement calls for strengthened measures to anticipate and prevent ecological harm, by following the precautionary principle—when human activities may lead to unacceptable harm that is scientifically plausible but uncertain, actions shall be taken to avoid or diminish that harm.

There is enough scientific evidence that climate change poses a threat to the entire Great Lakes region—and the 38 million people who live there. As is being discussed and pledged at COP26, all must work together to limit global warming to 1.5 C, including the Great Lakes region, and all must immediately advance climate adaptation and resilience.

 

John Hartig, Visiting Scholar, Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor; Patrícia Galvão Ferreira, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Windsor, and Robert Michael McKay, Executive Director and Professor, Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor

This story is part of The Conversation’s coverage on COP26, the Glasgow climate conference, by experts from around the world. More. The ConversationThis article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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